python实现归结演绎推理_归结演绎推理
时间: 2023-08-31 11:12:34 浏览: 162
归结演绎推理是一种逻辑推理方法,它通过对两个命题进行归结操作,得到一个新的命题,从而推导出结论。在Python中,可以通过实现归结演绎推理算法来实现这种推理过程。
下面是一个简单的Python实现归结演绎推理算法的代码示例:
```python
# 定义命题类
class Proposition:
def __init__(self, predicate, arguments):
self.predicate = predicate
self.arguments = arguments
def __repr__(self):
return self.predicate + "(" + ",".join(self.arguments) + ")"
# 定义归结操作
def resolve(p1, p2):
for arg in p1.arguments:
if arg[0] == "~":
neg = arg[1:]
else:
neg = "~" + arg
if neg in p2.arguments:
new_args = [a for a in p1.arguments if a != arg] + [a for a in p2.arguments if a != neg]
return Proposition(p1.predicate, new_args)
return None
# 定义归结演绎推理函数
def resolution(propositions, target):
resolved = set()
while True:
new_propositions = set()
for p1 in propositions:
for p2 in propositions:
if p1 != p2 and (p1, p2) not in resolved and (p2, p1) not in resolved:
resolvent = resolve(p1, p2)
if resolvent is not None:
if resolvent.arguments == []:
return True
new_propositions.add(resolvent)
resolved.add((p1, p2))
if not new_propositions:
return False
if target in new_propositions:
return True
for p in new_propositions:
propositions.add(p)
# 测试
propositions = {Proposition("likes", ["john", "mary"]),
Proposition("likes", ["mary", "sue"]),
Proposition("likes", ["sue", "john"]),
Proposition("~likes", ["x", "y"])}
print(resolution(propositions, Proposition("~likes", ["john", "mary"])))
```
在这个示例中,我们定义了一个`Proposition`类来表示命题,它包含一个谓词和一组参数。我们还定义了`resolve`函数来执行归结操作,以及`resolution`函数来实现归结演绎推理算法。在测试中,我们使用了一组命题来测试我们的算法。
这个示例只是一个简单的实现,实际上,归结演绎推理算法有许多变种和优化,可以根据具体需求进行设计和实现。
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