#include <iostream> using namespace std; class Complex { private: double real; // 复数的实部 double imag; // 复数的虚部 public: // 构造函数 Complex(double r = 0, double i = 0) : real(r), imag(i) {} // 成员函数 double getReal() const { return real; } double getImag() const { return imag; } void setReal(double r) { real = r; } void setImag(double i) { imag = i; } // 运算符重载 Complex operator+(const Complex& c) const { return Complex(real + c.real, imag + c.imag); } Complex operator-(const Complex& c) const { return Complex(real - c.real, imag - c.imag); } Complex operator*(const Complex& c) const { return Complex(real * c.real - imag * c.imag, real * c.imag + imag * c.real); } Complex operator/(const Complex& c) const { double denominator = c.real * c.real + c.imag * c.imag; return Complex((real * c.real + imag * c.imag) / denominator, (imag * c.real - real * c.imag) / denominator); } Complex operator++() { return Complex(++real, ++imag); } Complex operator++(int) { return Complex(real++, imag++); } Complex operator--() { return Complex(--real, --imag); } Complex operator--(int) { return Complex(real--, imag--); } friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const Complex& c); friend istream& operator>>(istream& is, Complex& c); }; // 友元函数,重载输出运算符 ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const Complex& c) { os << c.real << "+" << c.imag << "i"; return os; } // 友元函数,重载输入运算符 istream& operator>>(istream& is, Complex& c) { is >> c.real >> c.imag; return is; } // 将 double 类型转换成复数类型 inline Complex doubleToComplex(double x) { return Complex(x, 0); } int main() { Complex c1(1, 2), c2(3, 4); cout << "c1 = " << c1 << endl; cout << "c2 = " << c2 << endl; cout << "c1 + c2 = " << c1 + c2 << endl; cout << "c1 - c2 = " << c1 - c2 << endl; cout << "c1 * c2 = " << c1 * c2 << endl; cout << "c1 / c2 = " << c1 / c2 << endl; cout << "++c1 = " << ++c1 << endl; cout << "--c2 = " << --c2 << endl; double d = 5.6; Complex c3 = doubleToComplex(d); cout << "c3 = " << c3 << endl; return 0; }对结果的说明
时间: 2024-03-04 10:52:11 浏览: 20
这是一个 C++ 程序,定义了一个 Complex 类,实现了复数的基本运算(加、减、乘、除),以及自增自减运算符的重载。同时,还实现了友元函数重载输入输出运算符,以及一个将 double 类型转换成复数类型的 inline 函数。在 main 函数中,定义了三个复数对象,分别进行了各种运算,并输出了结果。最后,将一个 double 类型的变量转换成复数类型,并输出其值。
相关问题
设计一个复数类并实现复数的三种运算。#include <iostream> using namespace std; /********* Begin *********/ class Complex
复数是由实数和虚数构成的数,其中虚数是以$i$表示的数,$i^2 = -1$。因此,复数由实部和虚部两个实数组成。
设计一个复数类需要包含以下内容:
1. 实部和虚部两个私有成员变量
2. 构造函数,用于初始化实部和虚部
3. 重载运算符,包括加减乘三种运算
下面是一个复数类的实现,包括加减乘三种运算:
```
class Complex {
private:
double real; // 实部
double imag; // 虚部
public:
Complex(double r = 0, double i = 0) : real(r), imag(i) {}
Complex operator+(const Complex &c) const {
return Complex(real + c.real, imag + c.imag);
}
Complex operator-(const Complex &c) const {
return Complex(real - c.real, imag - c.imag);
}
Complex operator*(const Complex &c) const {
return Complex(real * c.real - imag * c.imag, real * c.imag + imag * c.real);
}
};
```
其中,`operator+`、`operator-`、`operator*` 分别实现了复数的加减乘运算。使用时,可以直接使用 `+`、`-`、`*` 运算符进行复数的加减乘操作。
请重载复数类的流插入和流提取运算符,实现复数类的输出和输入。 #include<iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; //--------------------- class Complex { private: double real,imag; public: Complex(){ real=imag=0; } Complex(double r){ real=r;imag=0; } Complex(double r,double i){ real=r;imag=i; } // 在此处补充你的代码 int main() { Complex c; cin>>c; cout<<c; }
在此处给出复数类的流插入和流提取运算符的实现:
```c++
#include<iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
class Complex {
private:
double real,imag;
public:
Complex() {
real = imag = 0;
}
Complex(double r) {
real = r;
imag = 0;
}
Complex(double r, double i) {
real = r;
imag = i;
}
friend istream& operator>>(istream& is, Complex& c) {
is >> c.real >> c.imag;
return is;
}
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const Complex& c) {
os << "(" << c.real << ", " << c.imag << "i)";
return os;
}
};
int main() {
Complex c;
cin >> c;
cout << c;
return 0;
}
```
在以上代码中,我们使用了 `friend` 关键字来声明流插入和流提取运算符的友元关系,这样就可以直接访问 `Complex` 类的私有成员变量。在流插入运算符中,我们输出复数的实部和虚部;在流提取运算符中,我们从输入流中读取两个浮点数,分别为复数的实部和虚部。