请给出洛伦兹曲线评价波动程度并计算洛伦兹系数，同时绘图,给出python代码

以下是绘制洛伦兹曲线并计算洛伦兹系数的 Python 代码示例：

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

def lorenz_curve(x):
    """Calculate Lorenz curve of array of values"""
    x = np.sort(x)
    n = len(x)
    y = np.cumsum(x) / np.sum(x)
    ly = np.linspace(0, 1, n)
    return ly, y

def gini_coefficient(x):
    """Calculate Gini coefficient of array of values"""
    ly, y = lorenz_curve(x)
    area_between_curves = np.trapz(y - ly, ly)
    area_below_perfect = 0.5 - np.trapz(ly, ly)
    return area_between_curves / area_below_perfect + area_between_curves

# Example usage
x = np.random.normal(size=1000)
ly, y = lorenz_curve(x)
g = gini_coefficient(x)

plt.plot([0, 1], [0, 1], linestyle='--', color='k')
plt.plot(ly, y, color='r')
plt.fill_between(ly, y, alpha=0.1)
plt.title(f'Gini coefficient: {g:.2f}')
plt.xlabel('Cumulative share of population')
plt.ylabel('Cumulative share of variable')
plt.show()

该代码将绘制一个随机数据集的洛伦兹曲线，并计算该数据集的 Gini 系数。