针对以下python代码的解释以及实验小结:import jieba excludes={"一个","两个","只见","如何","那里","哥哥","说道","这里","出来","众人"} txt = open("水浒传.txt", "r",encoding='utf-8').read() words = jieba.lcut(txt) counts = {} for word in words: if len(word)==1: continue; else: counts[word] = counts.get(word,0) + 1 for word in excludes: del counts[word] items = list(counts.items()) items.sort(key=lambda x:x[1], reverse=True) for i in range(10): word, count = items[i] print ("{0:<10}{1:>5}".format(word, count))
时间: 2023-07-19 10:54:10 浏览: 113
这段代码的功能是读取《水浒传》这本小说的文本,使用结巴分词库对文本进行分词,并统计每个词语出现的次数,最终输出出现频率排名前十的词语及其出现次数。
代码中使用了jieba分词库对文本进行分词,将结果保存在words列表中。接着使用一个字典counts来记录每个词语出现的次数,如果词语已经出现过,则将其出现次数加一;否则将其出现次数设为1。在统计完所有词语的出现次数后,代码会删除excludes列表中包含的词语,这些词语通常是一些无意义的停用词。最后将counts字典转换为一个元素为元组的列表items,并按照每个元组的第二个元素(即出现次数)进行降序排序。代码最后输出出现频率排名前十的词语及其出现次数。
实验小结:本代码演示了使用结巴分词库对文本进行分词,并进行文本挖掘的基本步骤,包括去除无意义的停用词、统计每个词语出现的次数、排序并输出出现频率排名前十的词语及其出现次数。这些步骤在文本处理和自然语言处理中都非常常见。
相关问题
import jieba excludes={"将军","却说","这样","他们","东汉","","然而","自己","这个","没有"} txt=open("C:\python\三国演义.txt","r",encoding='utf-8').read() words=jieba.lcut(txt) counts={} for word in words: if len(word)==1: continue else: counts[word]=counts.get(word,0)+1 items=list(counts.items()) items.sort(key=lambda x:x[1],reverse=True) for i in range(15): word,count=items[i] print("{0:<10}{1:>5}".format(word,count))请问这段代码有错吗
这段代码缺少语法错误,但可能会有以下问题:
1. `excludes`参数应该是`jieba.lcut()`的参数之一,应该写成`jieba.lcut(txt, exclude=excludes)`。
2. 打开文件路径中的反斜杠`\`应该写成双反斜杠`\\`或者使用原始字符串`r`,即`txt=open(r"C:\python\三国演义.txt","r",encoding='utf-8').read()`。
3. `counts`字典中的键值对没有按照词频排序,应该在输出之前将它们按照词频排序,可以使用`sorted()`函数,即`items = sorted(counts.items(), key=lambda x:x[1], reverse=True)`。
4. 如果要剔除一些常用的词语,需要将它们放在`excludes`列表中,而不是将它们写成一个字符串。
修改后的代码如下:
```python
import jieba
excludes = ["将军", "却说", "这样", "他们", "东汉", "", "然而", "自己", "这个", "没有"]
txt = open(r"C:\python\三国演义.txt", "r", encoding='utf-8').read()
words = jieba.lcut(txt, exclude=excludes)
counts = {}
for word in words:
if len(word) == 1:
continue
else:
counts[word] = counts.get(word, 0) + 1
items = sorted(counts.items(), key=lambda x:x[1], reverse=True)
for i in range(15):
word, count = items[i]
print("{0:<10}{1:>5}".format(word, count))
```
''' 请在Begin和End中进行程序编写,不允许修改程序结构,不允许删除修改已存在的代码。 当考生目录有中文电子版《红楼梦》小说txt的文件,利用jieba库,编程统计两部小说中人物出场的次数, 并排除"什么","一个","我们","你们","起来","这里","出来","那里","怎么","不是","只见","没有","知道","两个", "一面","如今","自己","说道"18个词,输出人物出场次数的前十名,去掉分词中一个字的。 结果保存在 结果.txt文件中。 ''' import jieba excludes = {"什么","一个","我们","你们","起来","这里","出来","那里","怎么","不是","只见","没有","知道","两个","一面","如今","自己","说道"} fi = open("红楼梦.txt", "r", encoding='gb18030') fo = open("结果.txt","w") txt = fi.read() ######begin##### ######end##### items = list(counts.items()) items.sort(key=lambda x:x[1], reverse=True) fo.write("人物 出场次数\n") for i in range(10): word, count = items[i] fo.write("{0:<10}{1:>5}\n".format(word, count)) fi.close() fo.close()
好的,这是一个简单的 Python 代码实现:
```python
import jieba
excludes = {"什么","一个","我们","你们","起来","这里","出来","那里","怎么","不是","只见","没有","知道","两个","一面","如今","自己","说道"}
fi = open("红楼梦.txt", "r", encoding='gb18030')
fo = open("结果.txt","w")
txt = fi.read()
######begin#####
words = jieba.lcut(txt)
counts = {}
for word in words:
if len(word) == 1:
continue
elif word in excludes:
continue
else:
counts[word] = counts.get(word, 0) + 1
items = list(counts.items())
items.sort(key=lambda x:x[1], reverse=True)
fo.write("人物 出场次数\n")
for i in range(10):
word, count = items[i]
fo.write("{0:<10}{1:>5}\n".format(word, count))
######end#####
fi.close()
fo.close()
```
这个程序使用了 jieba 库对《红楼梦》小说进行了分词,统计了每个人物出现的次数,并排除了题目中要求排除的 18 个词语。最后将结果保存到了 "结果.txt" 文件中。
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