请写出netlink 非阻塞的实现程序,用C语言实现
时间: 2024-03-01 20:53:54 浏览: 109
以下是使用 epoll 实现 netlink 非阻塞通信的示例代码:
```c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <linux/netlink.h>
#include <sys/epoll.h>
#define MAX_EVENTS 10
#define NETLINK_USER 31
int main() {
int sockfd, epfd, ret;
struct sockaddr_nl src_addr, dest_addr;
struct nlmsghdr *nlh = NULL;
struct iovec iov;
struct msghdr msg;
struct epoll_event ev, events[MAX_EVENTS];
// 创建 netlink socket
sockfd = socket(PF_NETLINK, SOCK_RAW, NETLINK_USER);
if (sockfd < 0) {
perror("socket");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// 绑定本地地址
memset(&src_addr, 0, sizeof(src_addr));
src_addr.nl_family = AF_NETLINK;
src_addr.nl_pid = getpid();
src_addr.nl_groups = 0;
if (bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr*)&src_addr, sizeof(src_addr)) < 0) {
perror("bind");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// 设置目标地址
memset(&dest_addr, 0, sizeof(dest_addr));
dest_addr.nl_family = AF_NETLINK;
dest_addr.nl_pid = 0; // 内核
dest_addr.nl_groups = 0;
// 初始化 netlink 消息头
nlh = (struct nlmsghdr *)malloc(NLMSG_SPACE(1024));
memset(nlh, 0, NLMSG_SPACE(1024));
nlh->nlmsg_len = NLMSG_SPACE(1024);
nlh->nlmsg_pid = getpid();
nlh->nlmsg_flags = 0;
// 设置 netlink 消息体
strcpy(NLMSG_DATA(nlh), "Hello from user space!");
// 初始化 iov 和 msg 结构体
memset(&iov, 0, sizeof(iov));
iov.iov_base = (void *)nlh;
iov.iov_len = nlh->nlmsg_len;
memset(&msg, 0, sizeof(msg));
msg.msg_name = (void *)&dest_addr;
msg.msg_namelen = sizeof(dest_addr);
msg.msg_iov = &iov;
msg.msg_iovlen = 1;
// 发送 netlink 消息
ret = sendmsg(sockfd, &msg, 0);
if (ret < 0) {
perror("sendmsg");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// 创建 epoll 实例
epfd = epoll_create1(0);
if (epfd < 0) {
perror("epoll_create1");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// 将 netlink socket 注册到 epoll 实例中
ev.events = EPOLLIN | EPOLLET;
ev.data.fd = sockfd;
if (epoll_ctl(epfd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, sockfd, &ev) < 0) {
perror("epoll_ctl");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// 等待事件发生
while (1) {
int nfds = epoll_wait(epfd, events, MAX_EVENTS, -1);
if (nfds < 0) {
perror("epoll_wait");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// 处理每个事件
for (int i = 0; i < nfds; i++) {
if (events[i].data.fd == sockfd) {
// 读取 netlink 消息
while (1) {
char buffer[1024];
struct nlmsghdr *nlh_recv;
struct iovec iov_recv;
struct msghdr msg_recv;
int len;
memset(&iov_recv, 0, sizeof(iov_recv));
iov_recv.iov_base = buffer;
iov_recv.iov_len = sizeof(buffer);
memset(&msg_recv, 0, sizeof(msg_recv));
msg_recv.msg_name = &src_addr;
msg_recv.msg_namelen = sizeof(src_addr);
msg_recv.msg_iov = &iov_recv;
msg_recv.msg_iovlen = 1;
len = recvmsg(sockfd, &msg_recv, MSG_DONTWAIT);
if (len < 0) {
if (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EWOULDBLOCK) {
break; // 没有更多数据了,跳出循环
}
perror("recvmsg");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
nlh_recv = (struct nlmsghdr *)buffer;
while (NLMSG_OK(nlh_recv, len)) {
if (nlh_recv->nlmsg_type == NLMSG_DONE) {
break;
}
printf("Received message: %s\n", (char*)NLMSG_DATA(nlh_recv));
nlh_recv = NLMSG_NEXT(nlh_recv, len);
}
}
}
}
}
// 关闭 socket
close(sockfd);
return 0;
}
```
该程序发送一个 netlink 消息到内核,并使用 epoll 实现非阻塞地读取内核发送的回复消息。当没有消息可读时,程序会阻塞在 epoll_wait 函数上。需要注意的是,在读取 netlink 消息时,需要通过循环来读取所有可用的消息。
阅读全文