用java解决空酒瓶换酒问题

空酒瓶换酒的问题可以使用Java语言来解决，具体的解决思路如下：

1. 定义一个酒瓶类 Bottle，包括属性：容量capacity、剩余量remain。
2. 定义一个酒类 Wine，包括属性：名称name、价格price、容量capacity、剩余量remain。
3. 定义一个酒瓶工厂类 BottleFactory，包括方法：
- createBottle(int capacity)：创建一个容量为capacity的酒瓶对象，并返回。
- fillBottle(Bottle bottle, Wine wine)：将酒瓶bottle中剩余的酒倒入酒wine中，然后将酒wine倒入酒瓶bottle中，返回倒入的酒的容量。
4. 定义一个酒店类 Hotel，包括属性：名称name、酒列表wines、酒瓶列表bottles。
5. 定义一个空酒瓶换酒的方法 exchangeWine(Hotel hotel)，实现以下逻辑：
- 遍历酒店的酒瓶列表，找到第一个剩余量为0的酒瓶bottle。
- 遍历酒店的酒列表，找到第一个剩余量不为0的酒wine。
- 调用BottleFactory的fillBottle方法，将酒瓶bottle中剩余的酒倒入酒wine中，然后将酒wine倒入酒瓶bottle中。
- 如果倒入的酒的容量等于酒瓶的容量，则将酒瓶从酒瓶列表中删除，将酒添加到酒列表中。
- 返回是否成功换酒的标志。

代码示例：

public class Bottle {
    private int capacity;
    private int remain;

    public Bottle(int capacity) {
        this.capacity = capacity;
        this.remain = capacity;
    }

    public int getCapacity() {
        return capacity;
    }

    public int getRemain() {
        return remain;
    }

    public void setRemain(int remain) {
        this.remain = remain;
    }
}

public class Wine {
    private String name;
    private double price;
    private int capacity;
    private int remain;

    public Wine(String name, double price, int capacity) {
        this.name = name;
        this.price = price;
        this.capacity = capacity;
        this.remain = capacity;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public double getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public int getCapacity() {
        return capacity;
    }

    public int getRemain() {
        return remain;
    }

    public void setRemain(int remain) {
        this.remain = remain;
    }
}

public class BottleFactory {
    public Bottle createBottle(int capacity) {
        return new Bottle(capacity);
    }

    public int fillBottle(Bottle bottle, Wine wine) {
        int remain = bottle.getRemain();
        int fill = Math.min(remain, wine.getRemain());
        wine.setRemain(wine.getRemain() - fill);
        bottle.setRemain(bottle.getRemain() - fill);
        return fill;
    }
}

public class Hotel {
    private String name;
    private List<Wine> wines;
    private List<Bottle> bottles;

    public Hotel(String name) {
        this.name = name;
        this.wines = new ArrayList<>();
        this.bottles = new ArrayList<>();
    }

    public void addWine(Wine wine) {
        wines.add(wine);
    }

    public void addBottle(Bottle bottle) {
        bottles.add(bottle);
    }

    public boolean exchangeWine() {
        for (Bottle bottle : bottles) {
            if (bottle.getRemain() == 0) {
                continue;
            }
            for (Wine wine : wines) {
                if (wine.getRemain() == 0) {
                    continue;
                }
                int fill = new BottleFactory().fillBottle(bottle, wine);
                if (fill == bottle.getCapacity()) {
                    bottles.remove(bottle);
                    wines.add(new Wine(wine.getName(), wine.getPrice(), fill));
                }
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
}