module uart_tx( input clk, input rst_n, output reg tx, input [7:0] data, input tx_en, output tx_done, input [3:0] DataLen_wire, input isParity_wire, input ParityMode_wire ); reg busy; //线路状态指示，高为线路忙，低为线路空闲 reg send; reg wrsigbuf; reg wrsigrise; reg presult; reg [7:0] cnt; reg [3:0] DataLen = 4'd8; reg isParity = 1'b0; reg paritymode = 1'b0; reg [3:0] dataN_send = 4'd0; //记录当前将要发送的数据(亦即已发送的数据位个数) always @(negedge rst_n) begin //在rst拉低时配置数据位长度、是否使用校验位、奇偶校验 DataLen <= DataLen_wire; isParity <= isParity_wire; paritymode <= ParityMode_wire; end //检测上升沿 always @(posedge clk) begin wrsigbuf <= tx_en; wrsigrise <= (~wrsigbuf) & tx_en; end //发送结束信号 assign tx_done = ~busy; //启动串口发送程序 always @(posedge clk) begin if(wrsigrise && (~busy)) begin //当发送命令有效且线路为空闲时，启动新的数据发送 send <= 1'b1; end else if(cnt==((DataLen+2+isParity)<<4)-4) begin send <= 1'b0; end end //串口发送程序，16个时钟发送一个bit always @(posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin if(!rst_n) begin tx <= 1'b1; busy <= 1'b0; cnt <= 8'd0; presult <= 1'b0; dataN_send <= 4'd0; end else if(send==1'b1) begin if(cnt==8'd0) begin tx <= 1'b0; //产生起始位 dataN_send <= 4'd0; presult <= paritymode; busy <= 1'b1; cnt <= cnt + 8'd1; end else if(cnt==(dataN_send+1)<<4 && dataN_send<DataLen) begin tx <= data[dataN_send]; //发送数据位 小端 presult <= data[dataN_send]^presult; busy <= 1'b1; cnt <= cnt + 8'd1; dataN_send <= dataN_send+1; end else if(cnt==(DataLen+1)<<4) begin if(isParity)begin tx <= presult; //发送奇偶校验位 busy <= 1'b1; cnt <= cnt + 8'd1; end else begin tx <= 1'b1; //发送停止位 busy <= 1'b1; cnt <= cnt + 8'd1; end end else if(cnt==((DataLen+2)<<4)-4) begin if(isParity) begin tx <= 1'b1; //发送停止位 busy <= 1'b1; cnt <= cnt + 8'd1; end else begin tx <= 1'b1; busy <= 1'b0; cnt <= cnt + 8'd1; end end else if(cnt==((DataLen+3)<<4)-4) begin tx <= 1'b1; busy <= 1'b0; cnt <= cnt + 8'd1; end else begin cnt <= cnt + 8'd1; end end else begin tx <= 1'b1; cnt <= 8'd0; busy <= 1'b0; end end endmodule

这是一个串口发送模块的Verilog代码，它可以将输入的数据通过串口发送出去。它支持配置数据位长度、是否使用校验位、奇偶校验等功能。该模块的工作原理是在clk的上升沿检测发送命令信号tx_en，如果该信号为有效且线路为空闲，就启动新的数据发送。在发送过程中，每16个时钟发送一个bit，包括起始位、数据位、校验位和停止位。发送完毕后，会发出tx_done信号。

相关问题

module my_uart_tx(clk,rst_n,clk_bps,rd_data,rd_en,empty,rs232_tx); input clk; // 100MHz主时钟 input rst_n; //低电平复位信号 input clk_bps; // clk_bps的高电平为接收或者发送数据位的中间采样点 input[7:0] rd_data; //接收数据寄存器 output rd_en; //接收数据使能 input empty;//fifo空信号 output rs232_tx; // RS232发送数据信号 //--------------------------------------------------------- reg[7:0] tx_data=8'd0; //待发送数据的寄存器 //--------------------------------------------------------- reg tx_en=0; //发送数据使能信号，高有效 reg[3:0] num; reg rd_en=0; reg [2:0] state=3'd0; always@(posedge clk or negedge rst_n) if(!rst_n) state<=3'd0; else case(state) 3'd0://wait if(empty==0) state<=3'd1;//read else state<=3'd0; 3'd1://read_en state<=3'd2; 3'd2://read_data state<=3'd3; 3'd3://send state<=3'd4; 3'd4: if(tx_en==0)//发送完成 state<=3'd0; else state<=3'd4; default:; endcase always@(posedge clk ) if(state==3'd1) rd_en<=1;//读fifo使能 else rd_en<=0; always@(posedge clk or negedge rst_n) if(!rst_n) tx_data<=8'd0; else if(state==3'd3) tx_data<=rd_data;//读fifo数据,把数据存入发送数据寄存器 else tx_data<=tx_data; always @ (posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin if(!rst_n) begin tx_en <= 1'b0; end else if(state==3'd3) begin //接收数据完毕，准备把接收到的数据发回去 tx_en <= 1'b1; //进入发送数据状态中 end else if(num==4'd11) begin //数据发送完成，复位 tx_en <= 1'b0; end end //--------------------------------------------------------- reg rs232_tx_r; always @ (posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin if(!rst_n) begin num <= 4'd0; rs232_tx_r <= 1'b1; end else if(tx_en) begin if(clk_bps) begin num <= num+1'b1; case (num) 4'd0: rs232_tx_r <= 1'b0; //发送起始位 4'd1: rs232_tx_r <= tx_data[0]; //发送bit0 4'd2: rs232_tx_r <= tx_data[1]; //发送bit1 4'd3: rs232_tx_r <= tx_data[2]; //发送bit2 4'd4: rs232_tx_r <= tx_data[3]; //发送bit3 4'd5: rs232_tx_r <= tx_data[4]; //发送bit4 4'd6: rs232_tx_r <= tx_data[5]; //发送bit5 4'd7: rs232_tx_r <= tx_data[6];

这段代码是一个 Verilog 代码模块，实现了一个串口发送数据的功能。其中，输入包括时钟信号 clk、低电平复位信号 rst_n、波特率时钟信号 clk_bps、接收数据寄存器 rd_data、接收数据使能信号 rd_en、FIFO 空信号 empty，输出包括发送数据使能信号 tx_en 和 RS232 发送数据信号 rs232_tx。模块中使用了状态机的方式实现了串口发送数据的过程，包括等待、读取、发送等状态。具体实现过程可以参考代码注释。

pcf8563芯片经过iic驱动得到的wire [23:0] rtc_time 从低位到高位依次是秒、分、时，各8bit，将其通过ASCII由串口uart_rx输出

假设你已经完成了pcf8563芯片的iic驱动和rtc_time的获取，那么将其通过ASCII由串口uart_rx输出可以通过以下代码实现：

module pcf8563_to_uart(
    input wire clk,
    input wire rst_n,
    input wire iic_scl,
    inout wire iic_sda,
    input wire uart_rx_clk,
    input wire uart_rx_rst_n,
    output reg uart_tx,
    output reg uart_tx_en
);

// 定义常量
localparam ADDR_SEC = 7'h02;
localparam ADDR_MIN = 7'h03;
localparam ADDR_HOUR = 7'h04;
localparam BAUD_RATE = 9600;  // 波特率
localparam CLK_FREQ = 50_000_000;  // 时钟频率

// 定义寄存器
reg [7:0] sec;
reg [7:0] min;
reg [7:0] hour;

// 定义计数器
reg [7:0] cnt;

// 定义状态机状态
localparam IDLE = 2'd0;
localparam SEND_SEC = 2'd1;
localparam SEND_MIN = 2'd2;
localparam SEND_HOUR = 2'd3;

// 定义状态机信号
reg [1:0] state_next;
wire [1:0] state;

// 时钟分频
reg [31:0] cnt_clk;
localparam CLK_DIV = CLK_FREQ / BAUD_RATE / 2 - 1;

// IIC总线
wire ack;
reg [7:0] data_in;
reg [7:0] data_out;
reg [6:0] addr_out;
reg [6:0] addr_next;
wire [6:0] addr;
reg [2:0] iic_state;
localparam IDLE_IIC = 3'd0;
localparam START = 3'd1;
localparam ADDR_OUT = 3'd2;
localparam DATA_OUT = 3'd3;
localparam RESTART = 3'd4;
localparam ADDR_IN = 3'd5;
localparam DATA_IN_ACK = 3'd6;
localparam DATA_IN_NACK = 3'd7;
localparam STOP = 3'd8;

// 状态机
always @(posedge clk, negedge rst_n) begin
    if (!rst_n) begin
        cnt <= 0;
        sec <= 0;
        min <= 0;
        hour <= 0;
        state_next <= IDLE;
        addr_out <= ADDR_SEC;
        iic_state <= IDLE_IIC;
    end else begin
        cnt <= cnt + 1;
        sec <= rtc_time[7:0];
        min <= rtc_time[15:8];
        hour <= rtc_time[23:16];
        state_next <= state;
        addr_out <= addr_next;
        case (state)
            IDLE: begin
                uart_tx_en <= 0;
                if (cnt >= CLK_DIV) begin
                    cnt <= 0;
                    state_next <= SEND_SEC;
                    addr_next <= ADDR_SEC;
                end
            end
            SEND_SEC: begin
                uart_tx_en <= 1;
                uart_tx <= {8'h0A, sec + '0'};
                if (cnt >= CLK_DIV) begin
                    cnt <= 0;
                    state_next <= SEND_MIN;
                    addr_next <= ADDR_MIN;
                end
            end
            SEND_MIN: begin
                uart_tx_en <= 1;
                uart_tx <= {8'h0A, min + '0'};
                if (cnt >= CLK_DIV) begin
                    cnt <= 0;
                    state_next <= SEND_HOUR;
                    addr_next <= ADDR_HOUR;
                end
            end
            SEND_HOUR: begin
                uart_tx_en <= 1;
                uart_tx <= {8'h0A, hour + '0'};
                if (cnt >= CLK_DIV) begin
                    cnt <= 0;
                    state_next <= IDLE;
                    addr_next <= ADDR_SEC;
                end
            end
        endcase
    end
end

// IIC总线
assign iic_sda = (iic_state == DATA_OUT || iic_state == ADDR_OUT) ? data_out[7] : 1'bZ;
always @(posedge clk, negedge rst_n) begin
    if (!rst_n) begin
        data_in <= 0;
        data_out <= 0;
        addr_next <= ADDR_SEC;
        iic_state <= IDLE_IIC;
    end else begin
        case (iic_state)
            IDLE_IIC: begin
                if (iic_scl == 0 && iic_sda == 0) begin
                    iic_state <= START;
                end else if (iic_scl == 0 && iic_sda == 1) begin
                    iic_state <= STOP;
                end
            end
            START: begin
                iic_sda <= 0;
                iic_state <= ADDR_OUT;
            end
            ADDR_OUT: begin
                addr <= addr_out;
                iic_sda <= addr[6];
                addr_out <= addr_out + 1;
                iic_state <= DATA_OUT;
            end
            DATA_OUT: begin
                data_out <= (iic_state == DATA_OUT) ? data_out << 1 : 0;
                if (iic_scl == 1) begin
                    data_out <= {data_out[6:0], iic_sda};
                    iic_state <= (addr_out == ADDR_SEC) ? RESTART : ADDR_OUT;
                end
            end
            RESTART: begin
                iic_sda <= 1;
                iic_state <= ADDR_IN;
            end
            ADDR_IN: begin
                addr <= addr_out;
                iic_sda <= addr[6];
                iic_state <= DATA_IN_ACK;
            end
            DATA_IN_ACK: begin
                iic_sda <= 1;
                if (iic_scl == 1) begin
                    iic_state <= DATA_IN_NACK;
                end
            end
            DATA_IN_NACK: begin
                if (iic_scl == 0) begin
                    data_in <= iic_sda;
                    iic_sda <= 1;
                    iic_state <= STOP;
                end
            end
            STOP: begin
                iic_sda <= 0;
                iic_state <= IDLE_IIC;
            end
        endcase
    end
end

endmodule

这个模块包含了一个状态机和一个IIC总线模块。状态机负责将rtc_time中的秒、分、时依次通过串口输出，其中波特率为9600，时钟频率为50MHz。IIC总线模块实现了主设备向从设备读取数据的功能，其中地址、数据、应答等信号都需要在状态机中进行控制。注意在发送数据时，需要在数据前加上一个换行符0A，以便在串口助手中能够正确显示。