编写一个程序,使用循环链表完成约瑟夫问题求解
时间: 2023-12-03 07:44:12 浏览: 86
好的,下面是使用循环链表实现约瑟夫问题的程序:
```python
class Node:
def __init__(self, data):
self.data = data
self.next = None
class CircularLinkedList:
def __init__(self):
self.head = None
def append(self, data):
new_node = Node(data)
if not self.head:
self.head = new_node
self.head.next = self.head
else:
current = self.head
while current.next != self.head:
current = current.next
current.next = new_node
new_node.next = self.head
def remove(self, node):
if self.head == node:
current = self.head
while current.next != self.head:
current = current.next
current.next = self.head.next
self.head = self.head.next
else:
current = self.head
while current.next != self.head:
if current.next == node:
current.next = node.next
break
current = current.next
def __len__(self):
count = 0
current = self.head
while current:
count += 1
current = current.next
if current == self.head:
break
return count
def josephus(num_people, step):
# 创建循环链表
people = CircularLinkedList()
for i in range(1, num_people+1):
people.append(i)
# 开始游戏
current = people.head
while len(people) > 1:
for i in range(step-1):
current = current.next
people.remove(current)
current = current.next
# 返回胜利者
return people.head.data
# 测试
print(josephus(7, 3)) # 输出4
```
程序中先定义了一个`Node`类,表示循环链表中的节点,每个节点包含数据和指向下一个节点的指针。然后定义了`CircularLinkedList`类,表示循环链表,包含`append`方法用于在链表尾部添加节点,`remove`方法用于删除指定节点,以及`__len__`方法用于返回链表的长度。
接下来定义了`josephus`函数,它接受两个参数:`num_people`表示参与游戏的总人数,`step`表示每次删除的人数。函数首先创建一个长度为`num_people`的循环链表,然后开始游戏,每次删除第`step`个人,直到只剩下最后一人。最后函数返回胜利者的编号。
我们来测试一下:
```python
print(josephus(7, 3)) # 输出4
```
输出结果为4,表示当有7个人,每次删除第3个人时,最后胜利者的编号为4。
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