A star算法的MATLAB程序
时间: 2024-10-23 18:13:52 浏览: 11
a star算法matlab
A*搜索算法(A-star Algorithm),也被称为启发式搜索算法,是一种用于解决图形搜索问题的有效方法,特别适用于寻找两点之间的最短路径。在MATLAB中编写A*算法,你需要创建一些关键函数,包括计算节点的F值、G值和H值(启发式估计)、开放列表操作以及关闭列表检查。
以下是一个简单的MATLAB程序示例,它使用了cell数组来表示图的邻接矩阵:
```matlab
% 定义函数来计算F值(总成本)
function f = calculate_F(g, h)
f = g + h;
end
% 定义A*搜索函数
function [path, cost] = a_star_search(graph, start, goal)
% 初始化
open_list = {start};
closed_list = {};
came_from = containers.Map('KeyType', 'char', 'ValueType', 'char'); % 路径记录
g_score = containers.Map('KeyType', 'char', 'ValueType', 'double'); % G值
g_score(start) = 0; % 初始节点的g值为0
h_score = containers.Map('KeyType', 'char', 'ValueType', 'double'); % H值
for node in open_list
if isequal(node, goal)
break;
end
% 计算当前节点的所有邻居
neighbors = graph[node];
for neighbor in neighbors.keys()
tentative_g_score = g_score(node) + graph(node, neighbor);
% 如果邻居不在open_list,或者找到更优路径
if ~isKey(g_score, neighbor) || tentative_g_score < g_score(neighbor)
came_from(neighbor) = node;
g_score(neighbor) = tentative_g_score;
h_score(neighbor) = heuristic_function(neighbor, goal); % 递归地计算每个邻居的H值
% 将邻居加入open_list
if ~ismember(neighbor, open_list)
open_list{end+1} = neighbor;
end
end
end
delete(open_list, find(strcmp(open_list, node))); % 移除已处理节点
end
path = [];
current = goal;
while ~isempty(came_from(current))
path = [came_from(current), path];
current = came_from(current);
end
path = reverse(path); % 因为路径是从终点开始的
cost = g_score(goal);
end
% 启发式函数(这里假设曼哈顿距离作为例子)
heuristic_function = @(node, goal) abs(node(1)-goal(1)) + abs(node(2)-goal(2));
% 示例:使用4x4网格地图
grid = {'S', '.', '.', '.',
'.', '#', '.', '.',
'.', '.', '.', 'G'};
[~, path] = a_star_search(grid, 'S', 'G');
disp(['Shortest path from S to G: ', char(path), ' (Cost: ', num2str(cost), ')']);
```
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