G. Simos et al.
DOI:
10.4236/psych.2019.1016142 2250 Psychology
2010; Souza, Foa, Meyer, Niederauer & Cordioli, 2011; Belloch, Roncero, Gar-
cía-Soriano, Carrió, Cabedo et al., 2013).
More specifically, Fullana et al. (2005) in their study of psychometric proper-
ties of the Spanish version of OCI-R in a non-clinical sample found similar fit
indices in their Confirmatory Factor Analysis for the 6-factor model as Foa et al.
(2002) and Hajcak et al. (2004). They also found good convergent validity and
adequate divergent validity, large to moderate internal consistency, and good
test-retest reliability. Huppert et al. (2007) also studied a clinical sample and
concluded that the OCI-R was a psychometrically sound instrument appropriate
for clinical and non-clinical populations, and for clinical and research purposes.
Gönner and colleagues (2008) conducted a study for the validation of the
German version of OCI-R in a sample of people with OCD, Anxiety disorders,
and Depressive disorders. They found good psychometric properties and excel-
lent fit in their factor analysis for the OCD sample, and good properties in the
anxiety and depressive disorders samples. They also found good internal consis-
tency and good construct validity (convergent/divergent) with a slight overlap in
divergent validity with other tests that are not meant to measure obsessions or
compulsions such as the Beck Depression Inventory (Beck, Rush, Shaw, & Em-
ery, 1979), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (Beck et al., 1979), and the Penn State
Worry Questionnaire (Meyer, Miller, Metzger, & Borkovec, 1990). Overall, they
concluded that OCI-R is a psychometrically sound and valid measure for use in
a German population.
Sica et al. (2009) in their study with both clinical and non-clinical Italian sam-
ples confirmed the six-factor model in the Italian version of OCI-R, and also that
the 6-factor structure of OC symptoms remains invariant across different cul-
tures. OCI-R had good internal consistency and excellent temporal stability in
their community sample and excellent internal consistency in their OCD sam-
ple. OCI-R showed adequate convergent validity and adequate divergent valid-
ity—correlations among OCI-R and measures of anxiety, depression and worry
were small to medium in size (.45, .41 and .43 respectively).
The Woo et al. (2010) study confirms similar findings for the Korean version
of OCI-R. In their research, they examined the psychometric properties and the
effects of gender and cultural differences in both a clinical and a non-clinical
sample. The results of their factor analysis indicated good fit in the six-factor
model. They also found good OCI-R convergent and divergent validity, internal
consistency and test-retest reliability.
Souza et al. (2011), in their study in Brazil, examined the psychometric prop-
erties of the Portuguese version of the OCI-R. For this purpose, they recruited
both a clinical sample including three groups (OCD, Panic Disorder, Social Pho-
bia), and a non-clinical sample. Subjects from the OCD sample received a
12-week Cognitive Behavioural Group Therapy (CBGT) and also completed
OCI-R before and after treatment. In each sample, the overall OCI-R and sub-
scale scores showed moderate to good internal consistency. Nevertheless, al-
though the OCI-R Obsessing subscale had a good internal consistency in the
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