C#实战：高级图表与图形编程

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"《实用C#图表与图形》是一本由JackXu博士编写的书籍，专注于C#语言中的高级图表和图形编程技术，适用于实际的.NET应用程序开发。该书详细探讨了如何在C#应用中创建和实现各种图表及图形，提供了丰富的实践指导。书中内容包括但不限于数据可视化、图形设计、图表类型选择、交互式图表制作以及性能优化等关键主题。" 在《实用C#图表与图形》这本书中，读者可以深入学习以下知识点： 1. **C#基础与图形API**：了解C#编程语言的基础知识，以及.NET框架下用于图形和图表的API，如System.Drawing和Windows.Forms.DataVisualization库。 2. **数据可视化原理**：掌握如何将数据转换为可视化图表，理解不同图表类型（如条形图、饼图、折线图、散点图）的适用场景和优缺点。 3. **创建基本图表**：学习如何创建简单的图表，包括设置图表区域、轴、系列、标题和图例，以及调整颜色和样式。 4. **高级图表功能**：探索更复杂的图表功能，如自定义数据点、数据绑定、动态更新和动画效果。 5. **交互式图表**：了解如何使图表具备用户交互性，如点击事件、数据点高亮和工具提示。 6. **图表性能优化**：学习如何处理大量数据并优化渲染速度，确保在内存管理和响应时间方面达到理想效果。 7. **图形设计原则**：理解良好的视觉呈现和设计原则，如何通过色彩、布局和比例来增强图表的可读性和影响力。 8. **自定义绘图**：学习如何利用C#直接进行像素级绘图，创建独特的图形元素和特效。 9. **打印与导出**：了解如何将图表打印到纸张或导出为各种图像格式，如JPEG、PNG或PDF。 10. **源代码示例**：书中提供的实例源代码可以帮助读者更好地理解和应用所学知识，这些代码可以在实际项目中复用和修改。 11. **版权与许可**：书籍内容受版权保护，未经出版社书面许可，不得复制或传播。此书对于想要提升C#图形编程技能的开发者，无论是初学者还是有经验的程序员，都是一个宝贵的资源，能够帮助他们在实际项目中实现专业级别的数据可视化。通过JackXu博士的深入讲解和实践案例，读者可以充分掌握C#中创建高质量图表和图形的技术和技巧。

Introduction xiii

What This Book Includes

This book and and its sample code listings, which are available for download from our website at

www.publishing.unicadinc.com, provide you with:

• A complete, in-depth instruction to practical chart and graphics programming in visual C#

and GDI+. After reading this book and running the example programs, you will be able to

create various sophisticated charts and graphics in your C# applications.

• Ready-to-run example programs that allow you to explore the chart and graphics techniques

described in the book. You can use these examples to get a better understanding of how the

chart and graphics algorithms work. You can also modify the code or add new features to

them to form the basis of your own programs. Some of the example code listings provided

with this book are already sophisticated chart and graphics packages, and can be directly used

in your own real-world applications.

• Many C# classes in the sample code listings that you will find useful in your chart and

graphics programming. These classes contain matrix manipulation, coordinate transformation,

color maps, 2D and 3D chart user controls, as well as the other useful utility classes. You can

extract these classes and plug them into your applications.

• A chapter that contains a detailed discussion on how to integrate Microsoft Excel chart

functionality into C# applications. This chapter is designed specifically for readers who prefer

not to create C# chart programs from scratch, and would like to take advantage of Microsoft

Excel’s wide selection of chart types.

Is This Book for You?

You don’t have to be an experienced C# developer or expert to use this book. I designed this book

to be useful to people of all levels of C# programming experience. In fact, I believe if you have

some experience with programming languages other than C#, you will be able to sit down in front

of your computer, start up Microsoft Visual Studio .NET and C#, follow the examples that are

provided with this book, and quickly become familiar with C# graphics programming. For those

of you who are already experienced C# developers, I believe this book has a lot to offer you as

well. There is much information in this book about graphics and chart programming that is not

available in any other C# tutorial and reference book. In addition, most of the example programs

provided with this book can be directly used in your real-world application development. This

book will provide you with a level of detail, explanation, instruction, and sample program code

that will enable you to do just about anything that is graphics and charts related using visual C#.

Perhaps you are a scientist, engineer, mathematician, student, or teacher instead of a professional

programmer, this book is still a good bet for you. In fact, my own background is in theoretical

physics, a field involving extensive numerical calculations, as well as graphical and charting

representations of calculated data. I had dedicated my effort to this field for many years, starting

from undergraduate up to Ph.D. My first computer experience was with FORTRAN. Later on, I

had programming experience with Basic, C, C++, and MATLAB. I still remember how hard it

was in the early days to present computational results graphically. I often spent hours creating a

publication-quality chart by hand, using a ruler, graph paper, and rub-off lettering. A year later,

xiv Practical C# Charts and Graphics

our group bought a graphics and chart package. However, I still needed to prepare my data in a

proper format in order to process the data with this package. During that time, I started paying

attention to various development tools that could be used to create integrated applications. I tried

to find an ideal development tool that would allow me not only to easily generate data

(computation capability) but also to easily represent data graphically (graphics and chart power).

The C# and Microsoft Visual Studio .NET development environment made it possible to develop

such integrated applications. Ever since Microsoft .NET 1.0 came out, I have been in love with the

C# language, and have been able to use this tool to successfully create powerful graphics and chart

applications, including commercial CAD packages.

The majority of the example programs in this book can be routinely used by C# developers and

technical professionals. Throughout this book, I will emphasize the usefulness of C# chart and

graphics programming to real-world applications. If you follow this book closely, you will be able

to easily develop various practical graphics and chart applications from simple 2D x-y plots to

sophisticated 4D slice graphs. At the same time, I will not spend too much time discussing

program style, execution speed, and code optimization, because there is a plethora of books out

there already dealing with those topics. Most of the example programs in this book omit error

handlings. This makes the code easier to understand by focusing on the key concepts.

What Do You Need to Use This Book?

To make the best use of this book and understand the algorithm, you will need no special

equipment. To run and modify the sample programs, you need a computer that is capable of

running Windows 2000 or Windows XP operating system. The software installed on your

computer should include Visual Studio .NET (or Visual C# .NET) standard edition or higher. If

you want to run the samples included in Chapter 9, you also need Microsoft Excel installed on

your computer.

All of the example programs in this book were created and tested in the professional version of

Visual Studio .NET 2005 and Microsoft Excel 2002 (which is part of Microsoft Office XP) under

Windows XP. They should run something with little or no modification in other operating systems

and with other versions of Visual Studio .NET and Excel.

How This Book Is Organized

This book is organized into nine chapters, each of which focuses on a different topic about

creating C# graphics and chart solutions. The following summaries of each chapter will give you

an overview of this book’s contents:

Chapter 1, C# Graphics Basics

This chapter reviews some of the fundamental aspects of C# graphics programming. If you are an

experienced C# programmer, some of this material may already be familiar to you. It includes

discussions of various coordinate systems; basic graphics shapes in the GDI+ class, the color

system, and advanced custom color maps used in C# applications.

Chapter 2, 2D Matrices and Transformations

Introduction xv

This chapter covers mathematical basics for 2D graphics programming. 2D matrices and

transformations in homogeneous space are discussed, including translation, scaling, reflection, and

rotation. These 2D matrices and transformations allow a C# application to perform a wide variety

of graphical operations on graphics objects in a simple and consistent manner.

Chapter 3, 2D Line Charts

This chapter contains instructions on how to create elementary 2D X-Y line charts. It introduces

basic chart elements including chart area, plot area, axes, title, labels, ticks, symbols, legend, etc.

These basic chart elements are common in the other types of charts, as well.

Chapter 4, Specialized 2D Charts

This chapter covers the specialized charts that are often found in commercial chart packages and

spreadsheet applications. These specialized charts include bar charts, stair-step charts, stem charts,

charts with error bars, pie charts, area charts, polar charts, as well as stock charts.

Chapter 5, 3D Matrices and Transformations

This chapter extends the concepts described in Chapter 2 into the third dimension. It explains how

to define 3D graphics objects, and how to translate, scale, reflect, and rotate these 3D objects. It

also describes the transformation matrices that represent projections and transformations that

allow you to view 3D graphics objects on a 2D screen. Unlike 2D, there is no 3D matrix class

defined in C# and GDI+. This chapter includes instructions on how to create these 3D

transformation matrices with C#.

Chapter 6, 3D Charts

This extensive chapter begins with a description of the coordinate system that is used in 3D charts

and graphics, and shows you how to create the 3D coordinate axes, tick marks, axis labels, and

grid lines. It then explains techniques on how to create a wide variety of 3D charts that include 3D

line charts, 3D mesh and surface charts, contour charts, 3D bar charts, 4D slice charts, and 3D

combination charts. In creating these charts, a few specialized techniques, including Z-order, are

used to manipulate the data displayed on your 2D computer screen.

Chapter 7, Charts and User Controls

This chapter shows you how to put 2D and 3D chart applications into a custom user control, and

how to use such a control in your C# applications. It begins by explaining the basics of the custom

user controls in a C# Windows application, including how to provide the design-time support to

the controls. Then, it describes the detailed procedure for creating the custom user controls for 2D

and 3D chart applications, and demonstrates how to use these controls in real-world C#

applications.

Chapter 8, DataGridView and Chart User Controls

This chapter consists of a discussion on the basics of the DataGridView and the possibility of

combining it with the chart controls to create spreadsheet-like chart applications. It shows how to

implement spreadsheet-like interface in which the data is displayed in the DataGridView

control; the displayed data in the DataGridView is plotted in the chart user controls; and the

direct interaction is allowed between the DataGridView and the Chart controls.

Chapter 9, Excel Charts in C# Applications

xvi Practical C# Charts and Graphics

This chapter explains how a Microsoft Excel chart can be embedded into a C# application. It

shows how to implement charts and graphics in C# projects by taking advantage of the Excel’s

chart and graphics features.

What Is Left Out

This book provides an in-depth description of C# chart and graphics programming for real-world

.NET applications. The background material about the C# graphics was selected for inclusion in

the book specifically according to the need for creating C# chart applications. It does not cover

image processing, such as the technique for manipulating bitmapped images and image animation.

Advanced ray traced images that display reflective, shadowed, transparent, and textured objects

are beyond the scope of this book and are not addressed.

Conventions

This book uses a number of different styles of text and layout to help differentiate between

different kinds of information. These conventions include

Italic: used for names of directories and files, options, emphasis, and names of examples.

Constant width: used for code listings and code items such as commands, options, variables,

attributes, functions, types, classes, namespaces, methods, properties, parameters, values, objects,

event handlers, contents of files, and the output from commands.

Using Code Examples

You may use the code in this book in your applications and documentation. You do not need to

contact me or the publisher for permission unless you are reproducing a significant portion of the

code. For example, writing a program that uses several chunks of code from this book does not

require permission. Selling or distributing the example code listings does require permission.

Incorporating a significant amount of example code from this book into your applications and

documentation does require permission. Integrating the example code from this book into your

commercial products is not allowed without the written permission from the author and publisher.

Customer Support

I am always interested in hearing from readers, and want to know what you think about this book.

You can send me your comments by e-mail to jxu.authors@unicadpublish.com

. I also provide

updates, bug fixes, and ongoing support through the publisher’s web site:

http://authors.unicadpublish.com/~jack_xu/

You can obtain the source code for all of the examples in this book from this web site.

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