// 显示输入的密码if (delete_count == 2'b00 && password_count > 0) begin // 将输入的密码存储到display寄存器中 display <= {input_password,4'b0000}[((count4)+3):(count4)]; count <= count + 2'b01; last_password_count <= password_count;end else if (delete_count == 2'b01 && last_password_count > 0) begin // 删除输入的密码 display <= display-4'b0001; count <= count - 2'b01; last_password_count <= last_password_count - 1;end; Error (10170): Verilog HDL syntax error at keshe9.v(60) near text "["; expecting ";"还这个错误改完之后的代码

module top_module; wsh wsh_inst(); efg efg_inst(); divider divider_inst(); assign divider_inst.dividend = wsh_inst.subdivision; assign divider_inst.divisor = efg_inst.count; endmodule module wsh (clk,rst_n,A,B,subdivision); input wire A,B; input clk; input rst_n; output reg [15:0] subdivision; reg [1:0] pre_state; reg [1:0] cur_state; always @(posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin if(!rst_n) subdivision <=1'b0; else begin if (pre_state == 2'b00 && cur_state == 2'b01) subdivision <= subdivision + 1'b1; else if(pre_state == 2'b01 && cur_state == 2'b11) subdivision <= subdivision + 1'b1; else if(pre_state == 2'b11 && cur_state == 2'b10) subdivision <= subdivision + 1'b1; else if(pre_state == 2'b10 && cur_state == 2'b00) subdivision <= subdivision + 1'b1; else if(pre_state == 2'b00 && cur_state == 2'b10) subdivision <= subdivision - 1'b1; else if(pre_state == 2'b10 && cur_state == 2'b11) subdivision <= subdivision - 1'b1; else if(pre_state == 2'b11 && cur_state == 2'b01) subdivision <= subdivision - 1'b1; else if(pre_state == 2'b01 && cur_state == 2'b00) subdivision <= subdivision - 1'b1; end end endmodule module efg (A,B,count,clk,rst_n); input wire A; input wire B; input clk; input rst_n; output reg [15:0] count; always @(posedge clk) begin if(!rst_n) count <= 0; else begin count <= count + 1; end end endmodule module divider(clk, subdivision, count, quotient); input clk; input [15:0] subdivision; input [15:0] count; output [15:0] quotient; reg [15:0] dividend; reg [15:0] divisor; reg [15:0] quotient; integer i; always @(posedge clk) begin dividend <= subdivision; divisor <= count; quotient <= 0; for (i = 0; i < 16; i = i + 1) begin dividend <= dividend - divisor; quotient <= {quotient[14:0], dividend[15]}; dividend <= dividend << 1; end end endmodule根据所给代码写一个testbench

在测试用例中，我们将输入A和B设置为一些特定的值，并在一段时间后检查输出商的值。注意，在testbench中，我们使用了一个时钟信号来驱动DUT，并在每个上升沿之后对输入进行更改。我们还使用了一些延迟语句来模拟各种...

改写一下这段代码，使得寄存器地址支持16bit读写，现在这段是只支持8bit读写：//FSM always @ (posedge clk or negedge rst) if (~rst) i2c_state<=3'b000;//idle else i2c_state<= next_i2c_state; //////////Modified on 25 november.write Address is 30H; Read Address is 31H///// always @(i2c_state or stopf or startf or cnt or sft or sadr or hf or scl_neg or cnt) case(i2c_state) 3'b000: //This state is the initial state,idle state begin if (startf)next_i2c_state<= 3 b001;//start else next_i2c_state <= i2c_state; end 3b001://This state is the device address detect & trigger begin if(stopf)next_i2c_state<=3'b000; else begin if((cnt==4'h9)&&({sft[0],hf} ==2'b00) && (scl_neg ==1'b1)&&(sadr ==sft[7:1])) next i2c_ state<=3'b010;//write: i2c adderss is 00110000 and ACK is sampled //so {sft[0],hf} is 2'b00 else if ((cnt==4'h9)&&({sft[0],hf} ==2'b10) && (scl_neg ==1'b1)&&(sadr ==sft[7:1])) next i2c_ state<=3'b011;//read:i2c adderss is 00110001 and ACK is sampled //so {sft[0],hf} is 2'b10 else if((cnt ==4'h9) && (scl_neg == 1'b1)) next_ i2c_state<=3 'b000;//when the address accepted does not match the SADR, //the state comes back else next_i2c_state<=i2c_state; end end 3'b010: //This state is the register address detect &&trigger begin if (stopf)next_i2c_state<=3'b000; else if (startf)next_i2c_state<=3'b001; else if ((cnt ==4'h9) && (scl_neg == 1'b1)) next_i2c _state<=3'b10 else next i2c_state<=i2c_state; end 3'b011: //This state is the register data read begin if (stopf)next_i2c _state<=3'b000; else if (startf) next_i2c _state<=3'b001; else next_12c_state<=i2c_state; end 3'b100: //This state is the register data write begin if (stopf)next_i2c _state<=3'b000; else if (startf) next_i2c _state<=3b001; else next_i2c_state<=i2c_state; end default://safe mode control next_i2c_state <= 3'b000; endcase

else begin if((cnt==4'h9)&&({sft[0],hf} ==2'b00) && (scl_neg ==1'b1)&&(sadr ==sft[7:1])) next i2c_ state<=4'b0010;//write: i2c adderss is 00110000 and ACK is sampled //so {sft[0],hf} is 2'b00 else if...

介绍一下代码STATE_PREPARE: begin // Pedestrian red ped_state <= 2'b00; ped_red <= 1; ped_green <= 0; // Countdown display num_high_bit <= 4'b0001; num_low_bit <= 4'b0000; count <= 3; count_timer <= 0; // Set traffic lights led_r <= 1; led_y <= 1; led_g <= 0; // Check for button presses if (key1) begin state <= STATE_PREPARE; timer <= YELLOW_TIME; end else if (key3) begin state <= STATE_GO; timer <= GREEN_TIME; end else if (key2) begin state <= STATE_STOP; timer <= 0; end // Check timer if (timer == 0) begin state <= STATE_GO; timer <= GREEN_TIME; end end

2. Countdown display：设置倒计时显示器的初值，将 num_high_bit 标记为 4'b0001，将 num_low_bit 标记为 4'b0000，将 count 标记为 3，将 count_timer 标记为 0。这些变量用于控制倒计时显示器的显示，以便行人...

module spi_controller ( input clk, input reset_n, input enable, input [7:0] data_in, output [7:0] data_out, output reg shift_out, output reg busy ); parameter IDLE = 2'b00; parameter READ = 2'b01; parameter WRITE = 2'b10; reg [7:0] shift_reg; reg [1:0] state; reg [7:0] tx_data; reg [7:0] rx_data; reg [3:0] bit_count; always @(posedge clk or negedge reset_n) begin if (!reset_n) begin state <= IDLE; shift_reg <= 8'b0; tx_data <= 8'b0; rx_data <= 8'b0; shift_out <= 1'b0; bit_count <= 4'd0; busy <= 1'b0; end else if (enable) begin case (state) IDLE: begin if (enable) begin state <= WRITE; shift_reg <= {1'b1, tx_data}; bit_count <= 4'd0; shift_out <= 1'b0; busy <= 1'b1; end end READ: begin if (bit_count == 4'd1) begin rx_data <= shift_reg[7:0]; state <= IDLE; shift_out <= 1'b0; busy <= 1'b0; end else begin bit_count <= bit_count - 1; shift_reg <= {shift_reg[6:0], shift_out}; shift_out <= shift_reg[7]; end end WRITE: begin if (bit_count == 4'd7) begin state <= READ; bit_count <= 4'd4; shift_out <= 1'b0; end else begin bit_count <= bit_count + 1; shift_reg <= {shift_reg[6:0], shift_out}; shift_out <= tx_data[bit_count]; end end endcase end end assign data_out = rx_data; always @(posedge clk) begin if (enable && state == IDLE && !busy) begin tx_data <= data_in; end end endmodule详细解释这段代码

在IDLE状态下，如果enable信号为高电平，模块会将状态切换为WRITE，将输入数据写入移位寄存器shift_reg，并将bit_count计数器和shift_out信号初始化。同时，模块将忙碌信号置为高电平。在WRITE状态下，模块会将...

为什么电脑不同时显示ain0、ain1、ain2，每次只显示一个？always @ (posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin if(!rst_n) begin bps_start_r <= 1'bz;//波特率时钟启动信号 tx_en <= 1'b0; state<=4'd0; end else if(start) begin //接收数据完毕，准备把接收到的数据发回去 bps_start_r <= 1'b1;//波特率时钟状态为1 tx_en <= 1'b1; //进入发送数据状态中 end else if(num==8'd11) begin //数据发送完成，复位 bps_start_r <= 1'b0; tx_en <= 1'b0; state<=state+1'b1; end end assign bps_start = bps_start_r; reg rs232_tx_r; reg [1:0]count; reg flag; always @ (posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin if(!rst_n) begin num <= 8'd0; rs232_tx_r <= 1'b1; tx_data <= 8'd0; count<=1'b0; flag<=0; end else if(tx_en)//发送数据使能信号 begin flag<=0; count <= count +1'b1; case(count) 2'b00:begin tx_data <=ain0; flag<= 1; end 2'b01:begin tx_data <=ain1; flag<= 1; end 2'b10:begin tx_data <=ain2; flag<= 1; end default:count<=1'b0; endcase if(count == 1'd3) count<= 1'd0; if(clk_bps&&flag) begin num <= num+1'b1; case (num) 8'd0: rs232_tx_r <= 1'b0; //发送起始位 8'd1: rs232_tx_r <= tx_data[0] ; //发送第0bit 8'd2: rs232_tx_r <= tx_data[1] ; //发送第1bit 8'd3: rs232_tx_r <= tx_data[2] ; //发送第2bit 8'd4: rs232_tx_r <= tx_data[3] ; //发送第3bit 8'd5: rs232_tx_r <= tx_data[4] ; //发送第4bit 8'd6: rs232_tx_r <= tx_data[5] ; //发送第5bit 8'd7: rs232_tx_r <= tx_data[6] ; //发送第6bit 8'd8: rs232_tx_r <= tx_data[7] ; //发送第7bit 8'd9: rs232_tx_r <= 1'b1; //发送结束位 default: rs232_tx_r <= 1'b1; endcase end else if(num==8'd11) num <= 8'd0; //复位 end end assign rs232_tx = rs232_tx_r;

根据代码，我猜测 ain0、ain1、ain2 是三个模拟信号输入，每次只会发送其中一个信号的值，因为在发送数据使能信号 tx_en 为 1 的情况下，会根据 count 计数器的值依次选择不同的模拟信号输入，然后将其赋值给 tx_...

问题在哪？always @ (posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin if(!rst_n) begin bps_start_r <= 1'bz;//波特率时钟启动信号 tx_en <= 1'b0; tx_data <= 1'b0; count <= 1'b0; end else if(start) begin //接收数据完毕，准备把接收到的数据发回去 bps_start_r <= 1'b1;//波特率时钟状态为1 case(count) 1'b00:begin tx_data <= data[2'd0]; count <= 1'b01; end 1'b01:begin tx_data <= data[2'd1]; count <= 1'b10; end 1'b10:begin//不做这个？ tx_data <= data[2'd2]; count <= 1'b00; end default:count <= 1'b00; endcase tx_en <= 1'b1; //进入发送数据状态中 end else if(num==8'd11) begin //数据发送完成，复位 bps_start_r <= 1'b0; tx_en <= 1'b0; end end assign bps_start = bps_start_r; //--------------------------------------------------------- reg rs232_tx_r; always @ (posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin if(!rst_n) begin num <= 8'd0; rs232_tx_r <= 1'b1; end else if(tx_en)//发送数据使能信号 begin if(clk_bps) begin num <= num+1'b1; case (num) 8'd0: rs232_tx_r <= 1'b0; //发送起始位 8'd1: rs232_tx_r <= tx_data[0] ; //发送第0bit 8'd2: rs232_tx_r <= tx_data[1] ; //发送第1bit 8'd3: rs232_tx_r <= tx_data[2] ; //发送第2bit 8'd4: rs232_tx_r <= tx_data[3] ; //发送第3bit 8'd5: rs232_tx_r <= tx_data[4] ; //发送第4bit 8'd6: rs232_tx_r <= tx_data[5] ; //发送第5bit 8'd7: rs232_tx_r <= tx_data[6] ; //发送第6bit 8'd8: rs232_tx_r <= tx_data[7] ; //发送第7bit 8'd9: rs232_tx_r <= 1'b1; //发送结束位 default: rs232_tx_r <= 1'b1; endcase end else if(num==8'd11) num <= 8'd0; //复位 end end assign rs232_tx = rs232_tx_r;

if (count == 3'd3) begin count <= 1'b0; tx_en <= 1'b1; end bps_start_r <= 1'b1; end else if (num == 8'd11) begin bps_start_r <= 1'b0; tx_en <= 1'b0; end end end always @ (posedge clk or ...

解释该段代码module responder_control( input start, input touch, input [3:0] zero_flag, input clk, rst, output reg en_count, lock_flag ); reg [1:0] NS, CS; parameter [1:0] WAIT = 2'b00, COUNT = 2'b01, LOCK = 2'b10; // state transition always @ ( posedge clk or negedge rst ) if ( !rst ) CS <= WAIT; else CS <= NS; // trans condition judgment always @ ( CS or start or touch or zero_flag ) begin NS = 2'bx; case( CS ) WAIT: begin if ( start ) NS = COUNT; else NS = WAIT; end COUNT: begin if ( !touch ) if ( zero_flag == 0 ) NS = WAIT; else NS = COUNT; else NS = LOCK; end LOCK: NS = LOCK; default: NS = WAIT; endcase end // output of each state always @ ( posedge clk or negedge rst ) begin if ( !rst ) begin en_count <= 0; lock_flag <= 0; end else begin case( NS ) WAIT: begin en_count <= 0; end COUNT: begin en_count <= 1; end LOCK: begin en_count <= 0; lock_flag <= 1; end default: en_count <= 0; endcase end end endmodule

该模块有五个输入信号和两个输出信号。输入信号： 1. start：计数器是否可以开始递增。 2. touch：计数器是否被触摸。 3. zero_flag：计数器是否为零。 4. clk：时钟信号。 5. rst：复位信号。输出信号： ...

else begin case(control_reg[14:13]) 2'b00:begin //单次立即； mode_reg <= 2'b00; period_s <= pwdata[15:0 ]; pluse_s <= pwdata[31:16]; period <= pwdata[15:0 ]; pluse <= pwdata[31:16]; select <= 0; clr_reg <= 1; end 2'b01:begin //单次延迟； period <= pwdata[15:0 ]; pluse <= pwdata[31:16]; period_s <= period; pluse_s <= pluse; if(count!=16'd0) begin select <= 1; mode_reg <= 2'b01; end else begin select <= 0; mode_reg <= 2'b00; clr_reg <= 1; end end 2'b10:begin //连续立即； mode_reg <= 2'b10; period_s <= pwdata[15:0 ]; pluse_s <= pwdata[31:16]; period <= pwdata[15:0 ]; pluse <= pwdata[31:16]; select <= 0; clr_reg <= 1; end 2'b11:begin //连续延迟； mode_reg <= 2'b11; period <= pwdata[15:0 ]; pluse <= pwdata[31:16]; period_s <= period; pluse_s <= pluse; select <= 1; end endcase end

这段代码看起来像是 Verilog HDL 的一个模块中的一个状态机。根据 control_reg 的值，它会执行不同的操作，例如设置 mode_reg 以指定操作模式，设置 period 和 pluse 以指定脉冲宽度，以及设置 select 和 clr_reg 等...

为什么case语句不执行到count=2？ case(count) 1'b00:begin tx_data <= data[2'd0]; flag <= 1'b1; count <= 1'b01; end 1'b01:begin tx_data <= data[2'd1]; flag <= 1'b1; count <= 1'b10; end 1'b10:begin//不做这个？ tx_data <= data[2'd2]; flag <= 1'b1; count <= 1'b00; led <= 1'b0; end 1'b11:begin tx_data <= 8'b00000000; flag <= 1'b0; count <= 1'b00; end endcase

因为在 1'b10 分支里面，count 被赋值为 1'b00，所以在 ...这样，当 count 的值不是 1'b00、1'b01、1'b10、1'b11 时，就会执行 default 分支，将 count 赋值为 1'b00，从而结束 case 结构。

STATE_STOP: begin // Pedestrian red ped_state <= 2'b00; ped_red <= 1; ped_green <= 0; // Countdown display num_high_bit <= 4'b0000; num_low_bit <= 4'b0000; // Set traffic lights led_r <= 1; led_y <= 0; led_g <= 0; // Check for button presses if (key1) begin state <= STATE_PREPARE; timer <= YELLOW_TIME; end else if (key3) begin state <= STATE_GO; timer <= GREEN_TIME; end else if (key2) begin state <= STATE_STOP; timer <= 0; end

1. ped_state：将行人信号灯的状态设置为红灯状态，即 2'b00。 2. ped_red：将行人信号灯的红灯控制信号 ped_red 的值设置为 1，即行人红灯亮。 3. ped_green：将行人信号灯的绿灯控制信号 ped_green 的值设置为 0，...

module alert(clk5, dain, miao, speak, lamp); input clk5; input [6:0] dain; input [6:0] miao; output speak; reg speak; output [2:0] lamp; reg [2:0] lamp; reg [1:0] count; reg [1:0] count1; always @(posedge clk5) begin if ((dain == 7'b0000000) & (miao <= 7'b0010000)) begin speak <= count1[1]; if (count1 >= 2'b10) count1 <= 2'b00; else count1 <= count1 + 1; end end always @(posedge clk5) begin if (count <= 2'b10) begin if (count == 2'b00) lamp <= 3'b001; else if (count == 2'b01) lamp <= 3'b010; else if (count == 2'b10) lamp <= 3'b100; count <= count + 1; end else count <= 2'b00; end endmodule

- 如果 count1 大于等于 2'b10，则 count1 被赋值为 2'b00；否则，count1 被加 1 第二个 always 块中，当 count 小于等于 2'b10 时，会执行一些逻辑： - 如果 count 等于 2'b00，则 lamp 被赋值为 3'...

module data_packetizer ( input clk, // 时钟信号 input rst, // 复位信号 input [15:0] data_in, // 待传输数据 output reg tx_wire, //传输数据线 output reg ready // 数据包就绪信号 ); reg [1:0] state = 2'b00; // 状态机状态变量 reg [35:0] packet_out; // 输出数据包 reg parity; //校验 always @(posedge clk) begin if (rst) begin state <= 2'b00; ready <= 0; packet_out <= 36'h000000; end else begin case(state) 2'b00: begin // 等待输入 ready <= 0; if (data_in != 0) begin state <= 2'b01; end end 2'b01: begin // 第一次加密 packet_out[32:17] <= data_in; state <= 2'b10; end 2'b10: begin // 等待第二个数据 if (data_in != 0) begin state <= 2'b11; end end 2'b11: begin // 第二次加密 packet_out[16:1] <= data_in; packet_out[35:33] <= 3'b101; // 数据包头 packet_out[0] <= ^packet_out[34:3]; // 奇偶校验位 ready <= 1; state <= 2'b00; end endcase end end reg tx_state; //定义发送状态 reg tx_stop; //一个包发送完结束标志 always @(posedge clk) begin if (rst) tx_state<=0; else if(tx_stop) tx_state<=0; else if(ready) tx_state<=1; else tx_state<=tx_state; end reg [6:0]cnt; always @(posedge clk) begin if (rst)begin tx_wire<=1'b1; tx_stop<=1'b0; cnt<='d35; end else if(tx_state)begin if(cnt==0)begin tx_wire<=packet_out[cnt]; tx_stop<=1'b1; cnt<='d35; end else begin cnt<=cnt-1'b1; tx_stop<=1'b0; tx_wire<=packet_out[cnt]; end end else begin tx_wire<=1'b1; tx_stop<=1'b0; cnt<='d35; end end endmodule

这是一个 Verilog HDL 实现的数据包装器模块，用于将输入的数据打包成一个数据包并进行传输。该模块包括一个状态机和一个数据发送器，其中状态机负责控制打包过程中的状态转换，数据发送器则负责将打包好的数据通过...

always@(cu_state, pc, md_rd)begin case(cu_state) 2'b00: begin //reset cu_state_tmp = 2'b01; pc_tmp = pc; ir_tmp = 16'b0; acc_tmp = acc; mar = 13'b0; wr = 1'b0; rd = 1'b0; md_wr = 8'b0; end 2'b01: begin cu_state_tmp = 2'b10; //cu_state_tmp = cu_state_tmp + 1 pc_tmp = pc + 13'b1; ir_tmp = {8'b0, md_rd}; acc_tmp = acc; mar = pc; wr = 1'b0; rd = 1'b1; md_wr = 8'b0; end 2'b10: begin cu_state_tmp = 2'b11; //cu_state_tmp = cu_state_tmp + 1 pc_tmp = pc + 13'b1; ir_tmp = {md_rd, ir[7:0]}; acc_tmp = acc; mar = pc; wr = 1'b0; rd = 1'b1; md_wr = 8'b0; end 2'b11: begin cu_state_tmp = 2'b01; ir_tmp = 16'b0; pc_tmp = pc; //mar = 13'b0; //wr = 1'b0; //rd = 1'b0; //md_wr = 8'b0; ALU; end default: begin cu_state_tmp = 2'b00; pc_tmp = 8'b0; ir_tmp = 16'b0; acc_tmp = acc; mar = 13'b0; wr = 1'b0; rd = 1'b0; md_wr = 8'b0; end endcase end加入间接寻址周期

2'b11: begin // 间接寻址周期 cu_state_tmp = 2'b01; ir_tmp = 16'b0; pc_tmp = pc; mar = acc; // 设置mar为acc寄存器中存储的内容 wr = 1'b0; rd = 1'b1; md_wr = 8'b0; end 需要注意的是，...

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