给出一个使用pytorch实现的,包含残差结构的神经网络示例

以下是一个使用 PyTorch 实现的包含残差结构的神经网络示例：

import torch
import torch.nn as nn

class ResidualBlock(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, in_channels, out_channels):
        super(ResidualBlock, self).__init__()
        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size=3, stride=1, padding=1, bias=False)
        self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)
        self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
        self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(out_channels, out_channels, kernel_size=3, stride=1, padding=1, bias=False)
        self.bn2 = nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)

    def forward(self, x):
        identity = x

        out = self.conv1(x)
        out = self.bn1(out)
        out = self.relu(out)

        out = self.conv2(out)
        out = self.bn2(out)

        out += identity
        out = self.relu(out)

        return out

class ResNet(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, block, layers, num_classes=10):
        super(ResNet, self).__init__()
        self.in_channels = 64

        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(3, 64, kernel_size=3, stride=1, padding=1, bias=False)
        self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(64)
        self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
        self.layer1 = self.make_layer(block, 64, layers[0])
        self.layer2 = self.make_layer(block, 128, layers[1], stride=2)
        self.layer3 = self.make_layer(block, 256, layers[2], stride=2)
        self.layer4 = self.make_layer(block, 512, layers[3], stride=2)
        self.avg_pool = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d((1, 1))
        self.fc = nn.Linear(512, num_classes)

    def make_layer(self, block, out_channels, blocks, stride=1):
        layers = []
        downsample = None
        if stride != 1 or self.in_channels != out_channels:
            downsample = nn.Sequential(
                nn.Conv2d(self.in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size=1, stride=stride, bias=False),
                nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)
            )

        layers.append(block(self.in_channels, out_channels))
        self.in_channels = out_channels
        for i in range(1, blocks):
            layers.append(block(out_channels, out_channels))

        return nn.Sequential(*layers)

    def forward(self, x):
        x = self.conv1(x)
        x = self.bn1(x)
        x = self.relu(x)

        x = self.layer1(x)
        x = self.layer2(x)
        x = self.layer3(x)
        x = self.layer4(x)

        x = self.avg_pool(x)
        x = x.view(x.size(0), -1)
        x = self.fc(x)

        return x

def ResNet18():
    return ResNet(ResidualBlock, [2, 2, 2, 2])

这个代码实现了一个基于 ResNet 的神经网络模型，其中包含了残差块（`ResidualBlock`）和由多个残差块构成的层（`make_layer`）。模型中包含了一个 3 通道的卷积层 (`conv1`)，接着