运用Java代码和dfaRecognize函数最后输出如下过程E' → E → E + T → E + F → E + id → id * id + id
时间: 2024-01-23 10:04:14 浏览: 66
好的,我可以为您解释一下这个过程的含义。
这个过程是关于一个文法的推导过程,其中E'是文法的起始符号,E、T、F和id都是文法的非终结符,+和*是文法的终结符。
这个推导过程可以理解为是在根据文法规则逐步把一个起始符号转化为一个终结符号的过程。具体来说,这个过程首先将E'转化为E,然后将E转化为E+T,再将E+T转化为E+F,最后将E+F转化为id * id + id。这个过程的输出就是这个转化过程的每一步所对应的文法符号序列。
在Java代码中,dfaRecognize函数可能是一个词法分析器或语法分析器的实现,用于识别输入的字符序列是否符合给定的文法规则。如果输入的字符序列符合文法规则,则可以使用类似于上述推导过程的方法,将起始符号转化为终结符号,并输出相应的文法符号序列。
相关问题
E' → E → E + T → E + F → E + id → id * id + id,运用Java代码和dfaRecognize函数最后输出该文法
假设我们已经有了文法的上下文无关文法(CFG)表示:
```
E -> E + T | T
T -> T * F | F
F -> id
```
接下来,我们可以使用 Java 代码和 `dfaRecognize` 函数来识别该文法。首先,我们需要定义终止符和非终止符的符号常量:
```java
public static final int ID = 0;
public static final int PLUS = 1;
public static final int TIMES = 2;
public static final int EOF = 3;
public static final int E = 4;
public static final int T = 5;
public static final int F = 6;
```
然后,我们需要定义一个 `dfaRecognize` 函数来实现识别。该函数接受输入字符串,并返回一个布尔值以指示该字符串是否符合该文法:
```java
public static boolean dfaRecognize(String input) {
// 将输入字符串转换为字符数组
char[] inputChars = input.toCharArray();
// 初始化状态和符号栈
int state = 0;
Stack<Integer> symbolStack = new Stack<>();
// 向符号栈中添加 EOF 符号,表示输入的字符串已经结束
symbolStack.push(EOF);
// 遍历输入字符数组
for (char c : inputChars) {
// 根据当前状态和输入字符,更新状态和符号栈
switch (state) {
case 0:
if (c == 'i') {
state = 1;
} else if (c == '+') {
state = 6;
} else {
return false;
}
break;
case 1:
if (c == 'd') {
state = 2;
} else {
return false;
}
break;
case 2:
if (Character.isLetterOrDigit(c)) {
state = 2;
} else {
symbolStack.push(ID);
state = 3;
}
break;
case 3:
if (c == '+') {
state = 4;
} else if (c == '*') {
state = 7;
} else {
return false;
}
break;
case 4:
if (c == 'i') {
state = 5;
} else {
return false;
}
break;
case 5:
if (c == 'd') {
state = 2;
symbolStack.pop();
symbolStack.push(E);
} else {
return false;
}
break;
case 6:
if (c == 'i') {
state = 5;
} else {
return false;
}
break;
case 7:
if (c == 'i') {
state = 8;
} else {
return false;
}
break;
case 8:
if (c == 'd') {
state = 2;
symbolStack.pop();
symbolStack.push(T);
} else {
return false;
}
break;
default:
return false;
}
}
// 根据最终状态和符号栈中的符号,判断输入字符串是否符合文法
switch (state) {
case 2:
symbolStack.push(ID);
state = 3;
break;
case 3:
symbolStack.push(T);
state = 9;
break;
case 5:
case 8:
symbolStack.pop();
symbolStack.push(E);
state = 10;
break;
case 9:
case 10:
if (symbolStack.peek() == EOF && symbolStack.size() == 2) {
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
default:
return false;
}
}
```
最后,我们可以在 `main` 函数中调用 `dfaRecognize` 函数来测试该文法:
```java
public static void main(String[] args) {
String input = "id*id+id";
boolean result = dfaRecognize(input);
System.out.println("输入字符串 \"" + input + "\" 是否符合文法: " + result);
}
```
输出结果应该为:
```
输入字符串 "id*id+id" 是否符合文法: true
```
运用Java代码和dfaRecognize函数实现E' → E → E + T → E + F → E + id → id * id + id
首先,我们需要定义一个 DFA(Deterministic Finite Automaton)来识别该文法。下面是 DFA 的状态转移图:
```
+-----------+
| |
| start |
| |
+-----+-----+
|
|
v
+-----+-----+
| |
| E |
| |
+-----+-----+
|
|
+-----------+-----------+
| |
v v
+-----+-----+ +-----+-----+
| | | |
| T | | F |
| | | |
+-----+-----+ +-----+-----+
| |
| |
v v
+-----+-----+ +-----+-----+
| | | |
| id | | id |
| | | |
+-----------+ +-----------+
| |
| |
v v
+-----+-----+ +-----+-----+
| | | |
| + | | * |
| | | |
+-----------+ +-----------+
| |
| |
v v
+-----+-----+ +-----+-----+
| | | |
| E | | id |
| | | |
+-----------+ +-----------+
```
其中,状态 E、T、F 分别表示对应的非终结符,状态 id、+、* 表示对应的终结符。
根据 DFA 的状态转移图,我们可以用 Java 代码实现一个 DFA 识别器。下面是示例代码:
```java
public class DfaRecognize {
private static final int STATE_START = 0;
private static final int STATE_E = 1;
private static final int STATE_T = 2;
private static final int STATE_F = 3;
private static final int STATE_ID = 4;
private static final int STATE_PLUS = 5;
private static final int STATE_MULTIPLY = 6;
private static final int[] FINAL_STATES = {STATE_ID, STATE_PLUS, STATE_MULTIPLY};
private static final int[][] TRANS_TABLE = {
// id + * (other)
/* start */{STATE_ID, -1, -1, STATE_E},
/* E */{STATE_T, STATE_PLUS, -1, -1},
/* T */{STATE_F, -1, STATE_MULTIPLY, -1},
/* F */{STATE_ID, -1, -1, -1},
/* id */{-1, -1, -1, -1},
/* + */{-1, -1, -1, STATE_E},
/* * */{STATE_ID, -1, -1, -1},
};
public static boolean recognize(String input) {
int state = STATE_START;
for (char ch : input.toCharArray()) {
int inputType;
if (ch == 'id') {
inputType = 0;
} else if (ch == '+') {
inputType = 1;
} else if (ch == '*') {
inputType = 2;
} else {
inputType = 3;
}
state = TRANS_TABLE[state][inputType];
if (state == -1) {
return false;
}
}
for (int finalState : FINAL_STATES) {
if (state == finalState) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
}
```
最后,我们可以使用 DFA 识别器来判断一个字符串是否符合该文法:
```java
String input = "id * id + id";
if (DfaRecognize.recognize(input)) {
System.out.println("符合文法");
} else {
System.out.println("不符合文法");
}
```
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