模拟退火算法怎么python代码

模拟退火算法的Python代码如下：

import math
import random

def simulated_annealing(cost_func, initial_solution, max_temp=100, min_temp=1, iterations=1000, cooling_rate=0.03):
    current_solution = initial_solution
    best_solution = current_solution
    current_temp = max_temp
    
    for i in range(iterations):
        # Generate a new solution
        new_solution = current_solution + random.uniform(-1, 1)
        
        # Calculate the cost of the new and current solution
        current_cost = cost_func(current_solution)
        new_cost = cost_func(new_solution)
        
        # If the new solution is better, accept it
        if new_cost < current_cost:
            current_solution = new_solution
            # If the new solution is the best so far, update the best solution
            if new_cost < cost_func(best_solution):
                best_solution = new_solution
        # If the new solution is not better, calculate acceptance probability based on temperature and accept/reject the solution
        else:
            acceptance_prob = math.exp(-(new_cost - current_cost) / current_temp)
            if random.uniform(0, 1) < acceptance_prob:
                current_solution = new_solution
        
        # Decrease the temperature
        current_temp *= 1-cooling_rate
        
        if current_temp < min_temp:
            break
    
    return best_solution

其中，`cost_func` 是代价函数，`initial_solution` 是初始解，`max_temp` 是最高温度，`min_temp` 是最低温度，`iterations` 是迭代次数，`cooling_rate` 是降温速率。