% 生成100棵随机树木 n = 100; x = randi([1,500],1,n); y = randi([1,500],1,n); % 检查是否存在重叠的树木 while length(unique([x' y'],'rows')) < n x = randperm(500, n); % 重新生成x y = randperm(500, n); % 重新生成y end % 计算距离矩阵 dist = zeros(n,n); for i = 1:n for j = 1:n dist(i,j) = sqrt((x(i)-x(j))^2 + (y(i)-y(j))^2); end end % 模拟退火算法求解 T0 = 1000; % 初始温度 Tf = 1e-8; % 终止温度 L = 200; % 每个温度下的迭代次数 alpha = 0.99; % 降温系数 t = T0; % 当前温度 x_best = x; y_best = y; x1=[]; y1=[]; i=0; dist_best = dist; count_best = sum(sum(dist >= 2.5)) - n; % 满足条件的点数 while t > Tf for i = 1:L % 随机选择一个点 k = randi(n); % 生成新的坐标点 x_new = randi([1,500]); y_new = randi([1,500]); % 更新距离矩阵 dist_new = dist; dist_new(k,:) = sqrt((x_new-x).^2 + (y_new-y).^2); dist_new(:,k) = dist_new(k,:); % 计算新的满足条件的点数 count_new = sum(sum(dist_new >= 2.5)) - n; % 判断是否接受新的坐标点 if count_new > count_best || rand < exp((count_new-count_best)/t) x_best = x_new; y_best = y_new; dist_best = dist_new; count_best = count_new; x1=[x1, x_best]; y1=[y1, y_best]; end end scatter(x1,y1,'filled') % 降温 t = alpha * t; end fprintf('在已经种植了一些树木的情况下，最多还可以种植 %d 棵树\n', count_best);为什么输出的散点图有问题

在循环中，每次都添加新的最优解的坐标点到 x1 和 y1 中，导致在散点图上出现了多条线段。为了解决这个问题，可以将 x1 和 y1 的初始化放在 while 循环之前，把它们的赋值语句移出 for 循环，如下所示：

x1=[]; 
y1=[]; 
while t > Tf     
    for i = 1:L         
        % 随机选择一个点         
        k = randi(n);         
        % 生成新的坐标点         
        x_new = randi([1,500]);         
        y_new = randi([1,500]);         
        % 更新距离矩阵         
        dist_new = dist;         
        dist_new(k,:) = sqrt((x_new-x).^2 + (y_new-y).^2);         
        dist_new(:,k) = dist_new(k,:);         
        % 计算新的满足条件的点数         
        count_new = sum(sum(dist_new >= 2.5)) - n;         
        % 判断是否接受新的坐标点         
        if count_new > count_best || rand < exp((count_new-count_best)/t)             
            x_best = x_new;             
            y_best = y_new;             
            dist_best = dist_new;             
            count_best = count_new;             
            x1=[x1, x_best];             
            y1=[y1, y_best];         
        end               
    end 
    scatter(x1,y1,'filled')     % 降温     
    t = alpha * t; 
end

这样就可以得到正确的散点图了。