HAL库串口2获取接收中断的数据并通过串口1打印出来

假设你使用的是STM32F4系列的芯片，以下是使用HAL库的串口2中断接收数据并通过串口1打印的示例代码：

1. 首先，在 CubeMX 中配置串口2和串口1的相关引脚和时钟。

2. 在代码中添加下面的头文件：

#include "stm32f4xx_hal.h"
#include "stdio.h"

3. 定义串口2和串口1的句柄：

UART_HandleTypeDef huart2;
UART_HandleTypeDef huart1;

4. 初始化串口2和串口1：

void MX_USART2_UART_Init(void)
{
  huart2.Instance = USART2;
  huart2.Init.BaudRate = 115200;
  huart2.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
  huart2.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
  huart2.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
  huart2.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
  huart2.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
  huart2.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
  if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void)
{
  huart1.Instance = USART1;
  huart1.Init.BaudRate = 115200;
  huart1.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
  huart1.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
  huart1.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
  huart1.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
  huart1.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
  huart1.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
  if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart1) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

5. 在 main 函数中初始化串口2和串口1：

int main(void)
{
  HAL_Init();
  MX_USART2_UART_Init();
  MX_USART1_UART_Init();
  while (1)
  {
    // Your code here
  }
}

6. 在 main 函数中开启串口2接收中断：

int main(void)
{
  HAL_Init();
  MX_USART2_UART_Init();
  MX_USART1_UART_Init();
  HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart2, (uint8_t *)&rx_data, 1); // 开启串口2接收中断
  while (1)
  {
    // Your code here
  }
}

7. 在串口2的中断回调函数中获取接收的数据并发送到串口1：

void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)
{
  if (huart->Instance == USART2)
  {
    HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&rx_data, 1, 1000); // 发送到串口1
    HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart2, (uint8_t *)&rx_data, 1); // 继续开启串口2接收中断
  }
}

完整的代码如下：

#include "stm32f4xx_hal.h"
#include "stdio.h"

UART_HandleTypeDef huart2;
UART_HandleTypeDef huart1;

uint8_t rx_data;

void MX_USART2_UART_Init(void)
{
  huart2.Instance = USART2;
  huart2.Init.BaudRate = 115200;
  huart2.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
  huart2.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
  huart2.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
  huart2.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
  huart2.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
  huart2.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
  if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void)
{
  huart1.Instance = USART1;
  huart1.Init.BaudRate = 115200;
  huart1.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
  huart1.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
  huart1.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
  huart1.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
  huart1.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
  huart1.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
  if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart1) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

int main(void)
{
  HAL_Init();
  MX_USART2_UART_Init();
  MX_USART1_UART_Init();
  HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart2, (uint8_t *)&rx_data, 1);
  while (1)
  {
    // Your code here
  }
}

void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)
{
  if (huart->Instance == USART2)
  {
    HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&rx_data, 1, 1000);
    HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart2, (uint8_t *)&rx_data, 1);
  }
}