C++面向对象编写俄罗斯方块

好的，下面是一个简单的C++面向对象实现俄罗斯方块的代码：

#include <iostream>
#include <ctime>
#include <conio.h>
using namespace std;

// 定义方块类
class Block {
public:
    Block() {}
    virtual ~Block() {}
    int x, y;
    char shape[4][4];
    virtual void setShape() = 0; // 纯虚函数
};

// 定义不同类型的方块类
class BlockT : public Block {
public:
    BlockT() {
        setShape();
    }
    void setShape() {
        x = 4;
        y = 0;
        shape[0][1] = shape[1][0] = shape[1][1] = shape[1][2] = 'T';
    }
};

class BlockL : public Block {
public:
    BlockL() {
        setShape();
    }
    void setShape() {
        x = 4;
        y = 0;
        shape[0][0] = shape[1][0] = shape[2][0] = shape[2][1] = 'L';
    }
};

class BlockJ : public Block {
public:
    BlockJ() {
        setShape();
    }
    void setShape() {
        x = 4;
        y = 0;
        shape[0][1] = shape[1][1] = shape[2][0] = shape[2][1] = 'J';
    }
};

class BlockI : public Block {
public:
    BlockI() {
        setShape();
    }
    void setShape() {
        x = 4;
        y = 0;
        shape[0][0] = shape[1][0] = shape[2][0] = shape[3][0] = 'I';
    }
};

class BlockO : public Block {
public:
    BlockO() {
        setShape();
    }
    void setShape() {
        x = 4;
        y = 0;
        shape[0][0] = shape[0][1] = shape[1][0] = shape[1][1] = 'O';
    }
};

class BlockS : public Block {
public:
    BlockS() {
        setShape();
    }
    void setShape() {
        x = 4;
        y = 0;
        shape[0][1] = shape[0][2] = shape[1][0] = shape[1][1] = 'S';
    }
};

class BlockZ : public Block {
public:
    BlockZ() {
        setShape();
    }
    void setShape() {
        x = 4;
        y = 0;
        shape[0][0] = shape[0][1] = shape[1][1] = shape[1][2] = 'Z';
    }
};

// 定义游戏类
class Game {
public:
    Game() {
        init();
    }
    ~Game() {}
    void init(); // 初始化游戏
    void newBlock(); // 生成新方块
    void drawBlock(); // 绘制当前方块
    void drawBoard(); // 绘制游戏面板
    bool isCollide(); // 检测方块是否与边界或已有方块重叠
    void moveBlock(int dx, int dy); // 移动方块
    void rotateBlock(); // 旋转方块
    void clearLine(); // 消除满行
    void run(); // 游戏运行
private:
    char board[20][10]; // 游戏面板
    Block *curBlock; // 当前方块
    Block *nextBlock; // 下一个方块
    int score; // 游戏得分
};

void Game::init() {
    score = 0;
    srand(time(NULL));
    curBlock = NULL;
    nextBlock = NULL;
    for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
            board[i][j] = ' ';
        }
    }
    drawBoard();
}

void Game::newBlock() {
    if (curBlock == NULL) {
        int type = rand() % 7;
        switch (type) {
        case 0:
            curBlock = new BlockT();
            break;
        case 1:
            curBlock = new BlockL();
            break;
        case 2:
            curBlock = new BlockJ();
            break;
        case 3:
            curBlock = new BlockI();
            break;
        case 4:
            curBlock = new BlockO();
            break;
        case 5:
            curBlock = new BlockS();
            break;
        case 6:
            curBlock = new BlockZ();
            break;
        }
        drawBlock();
    }
    else {
        curBlock = nextBlock;
    }
    nextBlock = NULL;
    newBlock();
}

void Game::drawBlock() {
    for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
            if (curBlock->shape[i][j] != ' ') {
                board[curBlock->y + i][curBlock->x + j] = curBlock->shape[i][j];
            }
        }
    }
    drawBoard();
}

void Game::drawBoard() {
    system("cls");
    cout << "Score: " << score << endl;
    cout << "+----------+" << endl;
    for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
        cout << "|";
        for (int j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
            cout << board[i][j];
        }
        cout << "|" << endl;
    }
    cout << "+----------+" << endl;
}

bool Game::isCollide() {
    for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
            if (curBlock->shape[i][j] != ' ') {
                if (curBlock->y + i >= 20 || curBlock->x + j < 0 || curBlock->x + j >= 10 || board[curBlock->y + i][curBlock->x + j] != ' ') {
                    return true;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return false;
}

void Game::moveBlock(int dx, int dy) {
    for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
            if (curBlock->shape[i][j] != ' ') {
                board[curBlock->y + i][curBlock->x + j] = ' ';
            }
        }
    }
    curBlock->x += dx;
    curBlock->y += dy;
    if (isCollide()) {
        curBlock->x -= dx;
        curBlock->y -= dy;
        drawBlock();
    }
    else {
        drawBlock();
    }
}

void Game::rotateBlock() {
    Block *tmp = new BlockT();
    for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
            tmp->shape[i][j] = curBlock->shape[3 - j][i];
        }
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
            if (tmp->shape[i][j] != ' ') {
                tmp->x = curBlock->x + j;
                tmp->y = curBlock->y + i;
            }
        }
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
            if (tmp->shape[i][j] != ' ') {
                if (tmp->y + i >= 20 || tmp->x + j < 0 || tmp->x + j >= 10 || board[tmp->y + i][tmp->x + j] != ' ') {
                    return;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
            if (curBlock->shape[i][j] != ' ') {
                board[curBlock->y + i][curBlock->x + j] = ' ';
            }
        }
    }
    curBlock->setShape();
    drawBlock();
}

void Game::clearLine() {
    int count = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
        bool full = true;
        for (int j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
            if (board[i][j] == ' ') {
                full = false;
                break;
            }
        }
        if (full) {
            count++;
            for (int k = i; k > 0; k--) {
                for (int j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
                    board[k][j] = board[k - 1][j];
                }
            }
        }
    }
    score += count * 100;
}

void Game::run() {
    while (true) {
        if (nextBlock == NULL) {
            int type = rand() % 7;
            switch (type) {
            case 0:
                nextBlock = new BlockT();
                break;
            case 1:
                nextBlock = new BlockL();
                break;
            case 2:
                nextBlock = new BlockJ();
                break;
            case 3:
                nextBlock = new BlockI();
                break;
            case 4:
                nextBlock = new BlockO();
                break;
            case 5:
                nextBlock = new BlockS();
                break;
            case 6:
                nextBlock = new BlockZ();
                break;
            }
        }
        if (curBlock == NULL) {
            newBlock();
        }
        int key = _getch();
        switch (key) {
        case 'a':
            moveBlock(-1, 0);
            break;
        case 'd':
            moveBlock(1, 0);
            break;
        case 's':
            moveBlock(0, 1);
            break;
        case 'w':
            rotateBlock();
            break;
        case ' ':
            while (!isCollide()) {
                moveBlock(0, 1);
            }
            moveBlock(0, -1);
            break;
        case 'q':
            return;
        }
        if (isCollide()) {
            for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
                for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
                    if (curBlock->shape[i][j] != ' ') {
                        board[curBlock->y + i][curBlock->x + j] = curBlock->shape[i][j];
                    }
                }
            }
            clearLine();
            curBlock = NULL;
        }
    }
}

int main() {
    Game game;
    game.run();
    return 0;
}

这份代码实现了一个简单的俄罗斯方块游戏。其中，`Block`是一个抽象基类，包含了所有方块的共性，如坐标和形状等，并定义了一个纯虚函数`setShape()`。然后，派生出了不同类型的方块类，每个类实现自己的`setShape()`函数。`Game`类是游戏类，包含了游戏的主要逻辑，如初始化、生成新方块、移动方块、消除满行等。游戏运行时，不断监听键盘输入，根据键盘输入调用相应的函数。最后，通过`main()`函数启动游戏。